Facebook Instagram

Buscar

bg_image

The Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society at 35: Patterns, Productivity, and Global Reach

JBCS, vol. 36, No. 12, 2025

This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric and scientometric analysis of the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (JBCS) on the occasion of its 35th  anniversary. Drawing on data from Scopus, SciVal, and InCites, the study examines publication trends, citation impact, international collaboration, thematic evolution, and societal reach. Results show a corpus of over 6,000 articles with an average Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) of 0.45 and a trend of increasing  international co-authorship. The analysis identifies key thematic clusters, ranging from green chemistry and nanomaterials to analytical methods and natural products. It reveals shifts away from earlier topics, such as dye removal and selenium detection, toward emerging areas, including photocatalysis and electrochemical genome editing. 

Co-citation mapping highlights foundational knowledge in density functional theory (DFT), crystallography, lipid chemistry, and analytical validation. The journal demonstrates translational relevance, with  hundreds of articles cited in patents and policy documents. Additionally, JBCS shows alignment with selected Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3 (Health), SDG 6 (Water and Sanitation), and SDG 7 (Clean Energy). Despite modest global citation metrics, JBCS plays a critical role in promoting Latin American chemistry, supporting open-access publishing, and fostering equitable scientific visibility from the Global South.

Keywords: bibliometrics, co-citation analysis, international collaboration, SDGs, translational impact, patents, policy citations, thematic evolution

Introduction

The Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (JBCS), established in 1990 by the Sociedade Brasileira de Química (SBQ), is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal that plays a leading role in disseminating original chemical research in Brazil and Latin America. Its launch marked a turning point for Brazilian science in this area, providing an international platform for the country’s growing chemical community. The journal publishes articles in English and covers a broad range of chemistry subfields, including analytical, inorganic, organic, physical, theoretical, and materials chemistry, while excluding topics such as chemical education and the philosophy of chemistry. Over its more than three decades of publication, JBCS has become widely recognized and is indexed in major international databases, including SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Scopus, Web of Science, Chemical Abstracts, and DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals).

The journal has recently implemented modernization efforts,1,2 including streamlining its peer-review process, enhancing website usability, promoting thematic collections, and advocating for the responsible use of AI (artificial intelligence) in scientific writing. These initiatives aim to strengthen editorial efficiency, visibility, and global relevance while maintaining the commitment to quality of the journal over metric-driven publishing. As a fully openaccess journal JBCS continues to support equitable access to scientific communication and the international visibility of research from the Global South.3

A bibliometric analysis of the JBCS is justified by the pivotal role of the journal in shaping and disseminating chemical research in Brazil and Latin America over the past three decades. As one of the most prominent scientific journals in the region and a flagship publication of the SBQ, JBCS offers a valuable case study for understanding the evolution of scientific production, thematic trends, international collaboration, and citation dynamics within the field of chemistry in the Global South. This type of analysis has been carried out previously on other journals,4 and can help the journal understand its publishing record and adapt to changing trends.

This analysis is particularly timely, given the ongoing efforts to assess the visibility, impact, and internationalization of Brazilian science, and in particular, with this journal. It enables a systematic evaluation of how JBCS has contributed to the consolidation of a national scientific community and the international recognition of Brazilian research. Furthermore, by examining patterns in authorship, institutional affiliations, co-authorship networks, and citation metrics, the study can provide strategic insights for editors, funders, and policymakers seeking to strengthen the reach, influence, and alignment of the journal with global best practices in scholarly communication.

Material and Methods

This study employed a comprehensive bibliometric approach to analyse the scientific output, impact, collaboration patterns, and translational influence of the JBCS. Multiple data sources and analytical tools were utilized to generate a robust and multidimensional portrait of the performance of the journal. The primary bibliographic data were retrieved from the Scopus database (Elsevier), which offers extensive coverage of peer-reviewed scientific literature, including citation data, author affiliations, and keyword indexing. The search was conducted using the query SOURCE(“Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society”), encompassing all publication years. The data was downloaded on July 16, 2025. All available document types were included, and metadata such as titles, authors, abstracts, keywords, institutional affiliations, DOIs, cited references, and citation counts were exported in .csv format for compatibility with various analysis tools.

To assess the performance of the journal beyond traditional bibliometric indicators, SciVal5 was employed. This platform enabled the extraction of advanced metrics such as Scholarly Output, Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI), Citations per Publication, and SNIP (Source Normalized Impact per Paper). SciVal’s  "Collaboration” module was used to quantify and visualize the extent of international, national, and institutional co-authorships over time. The “Top Percentile” indicators (e.g., share of publications in the top 10% most cited globally) provided a benchmark for research quality. Additionally, SciVal’s “Usage and Mentions” module was explored to assess the broader societal impact of the content of the journal. Specifically, patent citations and policy document mentions6,7 were analysed to identify articles from JBCS that had been cited in registered patents or cited in policy documents indexed by sources such as Overton8 and regulatory agencies. This allowed the study to consider the translational dimensions of the content of the journal, particularly in areas such as materials science, green chemistry, and environmental applications, as well as its alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).9,10

To complement Elsevier-based data, InCites (Clarivate Analytics) was used for cross-validation of citation-based metrics, utilizing data from the Web of Science Core Collection. Metrics such as the Category Normalized Citation Impact (CNCI), Journal Percentile Rankings, and the proportion of outputs published in top-quartile journals were obtained. InCites also provided an alternative view of collaboration and subject area distribution based on Web of Science indexing, which helped mitigate database bias. This data was also used to evaluate factors contributing to the improvement of the impact factor using path analysis in SAS v.9.4 (Statistical Analysis System, Cary, North Carolina, USA, 2025).

For data processing, cleaning, and visualization,11 two primary tools were used: VOSviewer12 and the Bibliometrix R (version 5.0, University of Naples Federico II, Italy, 2025) package (via its graphical interface, Biblioshiny).13 VOSviewer (version 1.6.20, Leiden University, The Netherlands, 2023) was used to create and analyse bibliometric maps, including co-authorship networks (comprising authors, institutions, and countries), co-occurrence of keywords, and citation and co-citation networks. The data were pre-processed to remove duplicates and harmonize variations in author and keyword naming (e.g., unifying “green chemistry” and “green-chemistry”). Network maps were generated with minimum thresholds set for inclusion (e.g., authors with ≥ 3 publications, keywords with ≥ 5 co-occurrences). Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny13 were utilized for descriptive statistics and in-depth structural analyses, including tracking thematic evolution, conceptual mapping, and identifying the intellectual and social structure of the knowledge base of the journal. R version 4.4.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2024) and Bibliometrix version 5.0 were used in a controlled computational environment. Additional preprocessing (e.g., standardizing institutional names and country codes) was performed using OpenRefine14 and manual inspection.

To ensure consistency and reliability, bibliometric indicators and trends were triangulated across Scopus, SciVal, and InCites. Discrepancies in citation counts or document indexing were documented and interpreted in light of differences in database coverage. Manual review of highly cited and patent-cited articles provided qualitative context to key quantitative findings.

Patent applications in World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)15 mentioning the journal were also researched.

Results

Scopus and Scival identified 6121 documents since 1996 (Figure 1), with 1.4% of these being among the top 10% most cited papers worldwide. Most documents (Figure 1b) were articles (89.7%), followed by conference papers (3.7%) and reviews (3.7%). In terms of views, this increases to 5.8% in the top 10% most viewed publications worldwide. The papers have 100,490 citations with an average of 16.4 citations per paper, and an FWCI of 0.45. In 2006, the FWCI reached 0.96; however, by 2025, it had decreased to 0.55. The journal is currently in Q3, falling from Q2 in 2023. 90.45% of the documents are cited, and 12.98% are in international collaboration. Its Journal Impact Factor peaked at 2.135 in 2021 and currently stands around 1.3, with a SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) of 0.274, placing it in the third quartile (Q3) within the field of general chemistry. Its h-index is approximately 83 (83 articles referenced 83 times), indicating sustained influence over time. Despite modest metrics compared to top-tier international journals, JBCS is regarded as a flagship publication in Brazilian chemistry and remains a vital outlet for high-quality research from Latin America.

Figure 1. Number of articles per year (a) and type of document (b) in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

The major institutions publishing in the journal are in Figure 2. Four of the top 5 are from the state of São Paulo. All are federal or state universities from Brazil.

Figure 2. Major institutions publishing in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

Authors

In total, 15,293 authors have published in the journal, with at least 180 publishing 10 papers or more (Figure 3). Based on the data extracted from VOSviewer, which maps co-authorship clusters in the JBCS, we can observe a structured landscape of collaborative networks within the author base of the journal. The file identifies 18 distinct clusters of authors, each representing relatively cohesive communities of collaboration, typically centered around shared research themes or institutional affiliations (Figure 3a).

Figure 3. Major author clusters publishing in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical  Society: (a) clusters, (b) timeline, (c) citations.

Some clusters stand out due to their productivity or citation impact. For instance, the first cluster includes authors such as S. Cadore and A. J. Curtius (red), who are active in the fields of analytical and environmental chemistry. A second cluster brings together researchers such as A. C. Pinto and O. D. L. Pessoa, who have made significant contributions to organic chemistry and natural products. A third cluster is notable for its diversity and central figures, including V. S. Bolzani and L. S. Santos, who have extensive co-authorship networks. Cluster 13, comprising O. L. Alves, N. Durán, and L. T. Kubota, is notable for its high citation impact and international visibility.

Bibliometric indicators, including the number of documents, total citations, average citations per document, and normalized citation impact, characterize each author in the dataset. Particularly prominent authors include J. Dupont (cluster 12), with an average of over 130 citations per publication, followed by A. C. Pinto and O. L. Alves, both of whom exceed 60 average citations, indicating a strong influence in their respective fields. Others, such as J. V. Visentainer and C. R. T. Tarley, also exhibit high normalized citation scores, indicating aboveaverage impact when adjusted for disciplinary norms.

The collaboration patterns reveal a network with strong local cohesion but limited cross-cluster integration, suggesting the presence of research silos. While many authors collaborate within tight-knit groups, only a few act as bridges between clusters. For example, V. S. Bolzani and M. N. Eberlin appear to connect broader research communities, indicating their strategic positions in the network.

Temporally, some clusters are dominated by authors whose publication activity peaked in earlier years (e.g., clusters with average publication years before 2010), while others include emerging researchers with more recent activity (Figure 3b). For instance, authors like W. Romão and R. R. Teixeira, whose average publication years fall after 2018, point to a renewal in the author base and the emergence of new scientific leadership within the journal.

Overall, the co-authorship landscape in JBCS reflects both the strengths and fragmentation of Brazil’s chemical research community. The journal serves as a hub for multiple subfields, each with its centers of excellence. However, the limited interaction across clusters suggests opportunities for fostering broader, interdisciplinary collaboration. Editorial and policy initiatives, such as joint thematic calls or visibility for emerging researchers, could strengthen these connections. Moreover, the presence of highly cited and internationally visible authors positions JBCS as a potential driver of global engagement for Brazilian chemistry.

Countries

Most documents are from Brazil (Figure 4), with Chinese papers being more recent (Figure 5b).

Figure 4. Major countries publishing in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

Figure 5. Main countries publishing in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society: (a) clusters, (b) mean publishing year and (c) citations.

In terms of country importance for publishing in the journal, cluster 1 represents the core of the scientific output of the journal (Figure 4 and Table 1), with Brazil (4738 documents) leading both in volume and impact. This cluster also reflects well established partnerships with countries such as Germany, France, Argentina, and Canada. Cluster 2 comprises countries with long-standing scientific traditions, such as the United States, Japan, Switzerland, and China, and exhibits a high overall impact. However, its normalized citation rates are slightly below average. Cluster 3 is characterized by emerging contributors to international collaboration, including Australia, Iran, and Poland, with lower publication volume and more modest impact. Cluster 4 highlights collaborations with African and Middle Eastern countries. Despite reduced output, it shows a normalized impact slightly above the average. Finally, cluster 5 stands out with India and Taiwan, which demonstrate a high average impact (21.5 citations per article) and a normalized impact above the global average (1.04), despite having fewer publications. This may indicate highly specialized research niches or advanced technical cooperation. China has the secondhighest output of documents (313), followed by Iran (236), the United States (169), and the United Kingdom (106).

Table 1. Main countries publishing in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

The main funders (Figure 6) include CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) and FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo), as well as other FAPs (Research Foundations). The NNSFC (National Natural Science Foundation of China) and Petrobras also appear as top funders.

Figure 6. Main funders of articles in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical
Society.

Citations

The most cited papers in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (Table 2) reveal important patterns about the scientific impact and thematic strengths of the journal. A striking observation is that the majority of top-cited articles are review papers, which often synthesize large bodies of knowledge and serve as foundational references for researchers. Examples include “Transesterification of Vegetable Oils: A Review” (1998, 1,098 citations),16 “The Chemistry of Isatins” (2001, 946 citations),17 and “Biodiesel: An Overview” (2005, 680 citations).20 These reviews highlight key areas where the journal has had substantial influence, particularly in green chemistry and renewable energy. Topics related to biodiesel, ionic liquids, and alternative solvents frequently appear among the topcited works, reflecting the strong relevance of sustainability and chemical process innovation in both the Brazilian and global scientific agendas.

Table 2. Top cited papers in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

In terms of citations, the first cluster represents Theoretical and Computational Chemistry / Natural Compounds. This cluster focuses on theoretical and computational chemistry, but also exhibits strong applications in organic chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and natural products. The most cited articles in this cluster include Salatino et al.,22 with 387 citations, which discusses the traditional use and pharmacology of species in the Croton genus; Abram and Alberto,32 with 203 citations, on coordination compounds involving technetium and rhenium; and Dias,33 with 200 citations, focused on asymmetric catalysis using chiral Lewis acids.

The second cluster focuses on Materials Chemistry and Ionic Liquids. This cluster focuses on research related to supramolecular chemistry, advanced materials, and pharmacological applications, particularly involving ionic liquids and derivatives of natural products. The most cited works include Dupont,18 with 814 citations, on the structural organization of imidazolium-based ionic liquids, and Pinto et al.,20 with 680 citations, which explores β-lapachone derivatives with biological activity.

A third cluster is related to Analytical Techniques and Chemometrics. The dominant theme in this cluster is the development and application of analytical tools, chemometrics, and the study of ionic liquids, including highly cited articles on near infrared spectroscopy, laserinduced breakdown spectroscopy, and electrochemical sensors. Highly cited papers include Nunes et al.,26 with 271 citations, presenting Chemoface, a free tool for chemometric analysis; Dupont et al.,28 with 225 citations, on the properties of ionic liquids; and Kiralj and Ferreira,24 with 339 citations, discussing the validation of regression models in Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR)/ Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) studies. These contributions indicate the role of the journal in disseminating practical and methodological advances in chemical analysis. In parallel, articles related to nanotechnology and materials, such as those on silver nanoparticles21 and dye sensitized solar cells,30 show that JBCS has also been active in publishing research aligned with emerging technologies. Additionally, several top-cited papers engage with medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, and environmental toxicology, suggesting a broad scope and an interdisciplinary orientation that resonates with international readership.

Cluster 4 represents papers related to Chromatography, Natural Compounds, and Spectrometry. This cluster focuses on the analysis of natural products, method validation, and the application of spectroscopy. Notable papers include Cunha et al.,36 with 151 citations, on the extraction and composition of Brazilian propolis, and de Oliveira,37 with 140 citations, which traces the evolution of sample preparation methods for atomic spectroscopy.

The FWCI showed an increase until 2005 but then decreased from 2008 (Figure 7).

Figure 7. Field Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) of articles in the Journal
of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

The 2000s stand out as a particularly productive decade for highly cited articles, accounting for more than half of the entries on the list (Figure 7). This trend coincides with a period of expansion and internationalization of Brazilian science, supported by national funding programs and increased collaboration. The data also underline the importance of publishing in English for global visibility, as all top-cited papers are in that language. Taken together, these findings suggest that JBCS achieves its most significant bibliometric impact when it publishes review articles on strategically relevant and interdisciplinary topics, particularly those at the interface of chemistry, sustainability, health, and advanced materials.

Policy Impact

Two hundred and four papers (3.3%) were cited in 196 policy documents from 63 policy bodies in 20 countries. Impact was 0.58 compared with a mean of 0.45. Policy documents were produced by Brazil (EMBRAPA and the Brazilian Government) and other international institutions include the European Union, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), and the International Whaling Commission, among others (Figure 8).

Figure 8. Policy bodies using papers published in the Journal of the
Brazilian Chemical Society.

Sustainable Development Goals

The scientific output of the journal (Table 3) exhibits the most substantial alignment with SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), comprising 252 papers and 2,367 citations, with an FWCI of 0.31. SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) follows with 73 papers and 1,152 citations, and an FWCI of 0.47. SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) is represented by 170 papers, receiving 1,775 citations and an FWCI of 0.33. In total, 574 papers are associated with the SDG agenda, accumulating 6,127 citations and yielding an average FWCI of 0.34. Notably, there are no publications linked to SDG 1 (No Poverty).

Table 3. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for papers published in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

Patent Impact

A total of 561 (9.2%) papers were cited by 1776 patents in 18 patent offices. Table 4 presents the most frequently cited International Patent Classification (IPC) codes, according to the WIPO, in patents that reference articles published in the JBCS. These codes reflect the technological fields where scientific contributions from the journal have had notable influence or application.

Table 4. Major patent groups according to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) mentioning the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

The identified IPC codes span a range of areas at the intersection of chemistry, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and materials science. Notably, several codes (e.g., A61K,38 A61P,40 and A01N)42 relate to biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, including body treatment compositions, therapeutic compounds, and biocides. The presence of C07D39 and C07C41 indicates strong contributions in organic chemistry, particularly the synthesis and characterization of heterocyclic and low molecular weight compounds.

Furthermore, classifications such as G01N43 and C12Q47 underscore the influence of the journal on analytical and diagnostic methodologies, particularly those involving chemical analysis, enzymes, or microorganisms. Technological processes, such as separation (B01D)45 and catalysis (B01J),46 are also represented, highlighting the role of the journal in supporting innovations in chemical engineering and industrial processing.

Overall, this table illustrates the broad applicability and translational value of research published in the JBCS, particularly in sectors such as health, agriculture, chemical manufacturing, and environmental monitoring.

Table 5 lists the leading organizations and individuals that have cited articles from the JBCS in their patent applications, as recorded in international patent databases. The table ranks applicants by the number of patents in which JBCS articles are referenced, highlighting the influence of the journal on technological innovation and knowledge transfer.

Table 5. Top patent applicants using papers published in the Journal of
the Brazilian Chemical Society

The top applicant is Bunge Amorphic Solutions LLC, with 86 patent filings referencing JBCS papers, indicating a strong engagement with scientific knowledge in the area of materials or formulations. This is followed by global chemical and pharmaceutical giants such as Solvay (67 patents), BASF SE (51), and FMC Corporation (30), suggesting the relevance of the journal to industrial R&D in specialty chemicals, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals.

Academic and public research institutions also appear prominently, including Unicamp (Universidade Estadual de Campinas), with 42 patents, and its variant, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, listed separately with 21 patents, possibly due to different naming conventions in patent databases. Other notable public research entities include the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (23 patents), and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) (21 patents), indicating international academic recognition.

The presence of biotech and pharmaceutical innovators such as Global Blood Therapeutics, Destiny Pharma, Indigo Ag, and Oxthera Intellectual Property highlights the impact of the journal on emerging therapeutic technologies. Additionally, individual inventors (e.g., Peter Siegfried) and academic institutions (e.g., The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois) reflect both personal and institutional research influence.

Five of the top twenty papers cited in patents are reviews (Table 6), while two are conference papers. The most cited paper in both scientific and patent literature is the 1998 review “Transesterification of Vegetable Oils: A Review” by Schuchardt et al.,16 which has accumulated 1,098 citations and 116 patent citations. Despite its modest FWCI of 0.4, the high patent citation count indicates strong technological relevance, particularly in the biofuels and oleochemistry sectors. The 2012 article by de Medeiros et al.,48 which focuses on the herbicidal potential of fungal metabolites, has 37 patent citations, a significant number for a paper with just 11 total citations and an FWCI of 0.26. This suggests that it has high practical relevance in agrochemical innovation, despite its limited academic impact. The 2010 article by Gao et al.49 on the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds has garnered 31 patent citations, underscoring its significance in medicinal chemistry and organic synthesis. Its FWCI of 0.88 reflects a moderate academic impact alongside strong technological applicability. Two other papers from 1998 and 2004 respectively, by Mol and Buffon50 on oleochemical metathesis and Schnitzler and Zarbin51 on hybrid TiO2/polyaniline materials, also demonstrate significant influence on patents, with 28 and 27 patent citations, respectively. The latter stands out with an FWCI of 1.01, indicating both academic and industrial impact. Overall, this table illustrates that patent influence is not always correlated with high citation metrics in academic literature (e.g., FWCI), and emphasizes the applied value of JBCS articles in sectors such as green chemistry, synthetic methodologies, agrochemicals, and advanced materials.

Table 6. Top papers from the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society cited in patents

The scientific output of the journal is distributed across several key research clusters (Table 7), each with distinct focus areas and varying levels of impact and visibility. The “Biodiesel production” cluster leads in publication volume, comprising 63 papers. Despite its relatively modest FWCI of 0.33, the cluster holds high visibility, with a prominence percentile of 89.93, indicating significant ongoing interest. The “Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and contaminants” cluster, with 45 papers, stands out for its very high prominence (98.17) and a higher-than-average FWCI of 0.57, reflecting both scientific relevance and societal urgency.

Table 7. Topic clusters in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

Other emerging areas include “Nanozymes and pesticide residue detection methods” (39 papers, FWCI 0.30) and “Electrochemical innovations in genome editing techniques” (35 papers, FWCI 0.35), which reflect cuttingedge developments but currently show moderate citation impact. The “Photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide structures” cluster, although smaller (23 papers), shows remarkable recent growth in output (+119.6%) and an FWCI of 0.39, signalling rising interest in this area of materials science and environmental applications.

The journal also demonstrates strong alignment with research areas of clear societal and industrial relevance. These include green chemistry, environmental remediation, catalysis and materials science, food chemistry and antioxidants, as well as analytical innovations such as sensors and electrochemical techniques.

From a keyword-based perspective, the analysis reveals five thematic clusters (Figure 9). Cluster 1, in orange, focuses on modern analytical chemistry and instrumental techniques focusing on method development, validation, and chemometrics, featuring terms such as gas chromatography, HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography), and ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry). It shows a normalized impact of 1.10 and an average publication year of 2013.2. Cluster 2, in red, relates to spectroscopy, metals, and the environment, and is centred on trace metal analysis using atomic spectroscopy, with a slightly lower impact (0.91) and an earlier publication peak around 2010.

Figure 9. Keywords in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society: (a) clusters, (b) mean publishing year, and (c) citations.

Cluster 3, in orange, highlights Green Chemistry, Nanomaterials, and Catalysis. It stands out with the highest normalized impact (1.27), reflecting an interest in sustainable chemistry, catalysis, and nanomaterials, as supported by keywords such as green chemistry, and nanoparticles. Cluster 4, green, focuses on Organic Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, combining synthetic chemistry with computational tools such as DFT and molecular docking, exhibiting a moderate impact (0.95) and a publication peak around 2013. Lastly, Cluster 5 in light blue relates to Natural Products and Biological Activities highlights the investigation of bioactive compounds such as essential oils and flavonoids, with a strong normalized impact (1.24) and a focus on antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties.

Trending topics (Figure 10) illustrate how themes emerge and fade over the study period. Biomass, biodiesel, and bio-oil are relatively recent, while steroids and polyaniline are older. Some themes, such as triterpenes and graphene oxide, have a relatively short lifespan, while others, like polyaniline or diterpenes, last longer.

Figure 10. Trend topics for articles in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

In the multiple correspondence analysis (Figure 11), metals such as cadmium, lead, and copper are grouped with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and solid phase extraction, while essential oils, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and nanoparticles are grouped with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity. Fatty acids are close to mass spectrometry, validation and gas chromatography.

Figure 11. Multiple correspondence analysis for keywords of the authors in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

The thematic map (Figure 12) shows motor themes such as pesticides and HPLC, basic themes such as biodiesel and cytotoxicity with metals such as copper, lead and cadmium as niche themes and green chemistry and catalysis as emerging themes.

Figure 12. Thematic map for the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

Co-Citation Analysis

The intellectual structure of the journal, as revealed by co-citation analysis, is organized into five thematic clusters, each anchored by foundational works and recurring citation patterns that reflect the knowledge base supporting its scientific output. There are 173,430 cited references with 50 mentioned at least 10 times (Figure 13).

Figure 13. Co-citation analysis in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

Cluster 1 (red) relates to Theoretical and Structural Chemistry (Quantum Calculation Methods). This cluster is rooted in computational and quantum chemistry, with a clear emphasis on density functional theory (DFT) and electronic structure methods. Key foundational works include Becke65 and Lee et al.,66 both central to the development and application of DFT. Hay and Wadt67 also features prominently for their effective core potentials used in quantum chemical calculations. The dominant theme is the use of advanced computational methods in theoretical chemistry, reflecting the sophistication of structural modelling techniques employed in the journal.

Cluster 2 (green) looks at Electrochemistry and Analytical Method Validation. This cluster focuses on the validation of analytical methods and electrochemical techniques. The most cited works include Ribani et al.,68 a classic reference for method validation in analytical chemistry; Bard and Faulkner,69 a widely used textbook in electrochemistry; and an influential book70 on the statistical treatment of analytical data. The overarching theme combines analytical rigor with applied electrochemistry, highlighting the commitment of the journal to methodological soundness in instrumental analysis.

Cluster 3 (blue) refers to Crystallography, Characterization Techniques, and Biochemistry. This cluster integrates diverse experimental techniques used in the characterization of materials and biological systems. Notable references include Farrugia71 for crystallographic structure refinement tools; Mosmann72 for the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay widely used in cellular biology; and Laviron73 for electron transfer in electrochemical systems. The theme centers on bioanalytical and structural techniques, including crystallography, spectroscopy, and bioassays, indicating a strong interdisciplinary focus.

Cluster 4 (purple) is for Statistical Methods and Chromatography. This cluster emphasizes the intersection of applied statistics and separation techniques, particularly in the field of natural product chemistry. Influential works include Ward74 on cluster analysis, Adams75 on essential oil chromatography, and Currie76 on limits of detection in analytical chemistry. The dominant theme reflects the integration of chemometrics and chromatographic methods, supporting research in the analysis of complex biological and environmental samples.

Cluster 5 (yellow) is for Food Chemistry and Lipids. Focused on biodiesel production, vegetable oils, and food-related compounds, this cluster cites works such as Schuchardt et al.16 on the transesterification of vegetable oils, Hartman and Lago77 on lipid analysis methodologies, and Visentainer78 on chromatographic analysis of fatty acid composition. The overarching theme blends lipid chemistry, food science, and bioactive compounds, revealing a strong link to both energy and nutritional research.

There was a total of 308,864 cited authors, 68 of whom had at least 200 citations (Figure 14). There is a large group of Chinese authors (red), with Brazilian authors appearing in several side groups, such as Dupont, Suarez, and Eberlin (blue); and Ferreira, Nobrega, Flores (green). It seems that citations are nationally orientated.

Figure 14. Co-cited authors in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society.

The path analysis of high-impact papers (Table 8) reveals that a higher number of published documents tends to result in a greater number and percentage of cited papers, as well as a higher citation impact. Domestic only papers lowered impact while international collaborations increased this parameter.

Table 8. Path analysis for high impact in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

The Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society appears in the title, abstract, or keywords of 64 papers. Thirty of these are editorials, 22 errata, six conference papers, three articles, and three reviews.

The analysis of publications from 1980 to 2025 reveals several patterns and outliers across Brazilian states (Table 9). States such as Bahia, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina stand out with the highest citation impact values, suggesting that, although they may not produce the most significant number of papers, their research is receiving strong attention from the scientific community. In terms of category normalized citation impact (CNCI), which adjusts citation performance relative to global standards, Tocantins, Amapá, and the Distrito Federal perform well. This is particularly noteworthy for Tocantins and Amapá, which have very few publications, indicating that a small number of highly impactful papers can significantly boost normalized indicators.

Table 9. Information on papers in the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society by Brazilian State (1980-2025)

The percentage of international collaborations also reveals significant regional contrasts. While traditionally research-intensive states like São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro have moderate international participation (around 13-14%), states such as Maranhão, Rondônia, and Piauí exhibit some of the highest shares of internationally co-authored papers, often exceeding 15-20%. These collaborations likely contribute to increasing the visibility and quality of their publications.

When considering the proportion of articles ranked in the top 10% most cited globally, the Distrito Federal, Santa Catarina, Bahia, Minas Gerais, and Rio Grande do Sul lead. This indicates a consistent presence of high-impact research emerging from these regions. Conversely, states like Espírito Santo, Maranhão, and Acre exhibit citation impacts that are well below the world average, suggesting room for improvement in international visibility or scientific influence.

Finally, several outliers emerge from the dataset. Acre, Roraima, and Rondônia have very low publication counts and display extreme values for indicators like authorship representation or patent citations, often reporting zeros in key categories. On the other hand, Tocantins and Amapá exhibit surprisingly high CNCI and percentile rankings, despite their relatively small scientific output, highlighting the disproportionate impact of select highquality publications. These findings underscore both the concentration of academic influence in certain states and the emerging potential of underrepresented regions.

The states in the “High” cluster have a higher number of papers, a higher citation impact, and higher percentage of papers in the top 10% of citations (Figure 15). Most are in the South and Southeastern Brazil, although Bahia is also here. Tocantins and Amapá have a limited number of papers, but they have a high impact. The third cluster has a relatively low impact globally and few citations from patents.

Figure 15. Principal component analysis for the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society by Brazilian State (1980-2025).

Discussion

Based on the detailed bibliometric analysis, several key findings emerge that offer valuable insights into the trajectory, impact, and strategic positioning of the journal within the global chemical sciences landscape. The importance of the journal has been outlined for various Brazilian regions (Machado;1 Bataglion and Koolen)79 and
for young researchers (da Frota and de Castro).3

The publication output of JBCS is relevant, with over 6,000 articles published and a growing, but still low, international presence. The thematic evolution captured in co-word analyses and topic clusters illustrates the responsiveness of the journal to emerging global scientific priorities. The cluster on “Photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide structures” exhibited a 119.6% increase in publication share, indicating both novelty and growing interest. Similarly, areas such as biomass conversion, electrochemical sensors, and quantum chemistry show high prominence percentiles (> 90), reflecting their relevance within broader scientific discourse. Conversely, older themes with declining publication share (e.g., dye removal, chromium/selenium detection) highlight a transition in editorial focus aligned with innovation trends and sustainability challenges.

JBCS maintains a primarily Brazilian authorship base, but the increasing number of international collaborations, currently at 13%, demonstrates the widening global integration of the journal. Notably, co-authorship clusters exhibit strong partnerships with Germany, France, Argentina, and Canada, as well as emerging connections with countries such as India, Iran, and Egypt. The collaboration cluster analysis reveals nuanced patterns: countries with low volume (e.g., India, Taiwan) show disproportionately high normalized citation impact (FWCI > 1), suggesting potential strategic alliances for amplifying the citation performance of the journal. One of the most notable trends is the expansion of international collaboration, as reflected in the diversification of coauthorship patterns over time. This suggests that the JBCS is successfully integrating into broader global research networks, moving beyond its foundational role in consolidating Brazilian chemistry. The prominence of partnerships with scientifically mature countries (e.g., Germany, France, Japan, USA), as well as emerging science systems (e.g., Iran, India, Egypt), indicates a balanced and inclusive approach to international engagement.

Institutions in São Paulo dominate scholarly output, underscoring the regional strength of Brazil’s public research universities. However, broadening institutional diversity, especially from underrepresented Brazilian regions and Latin American neighbours, could further enhance the international inclusiveness and regional leadership role of the journal.80

Beyond academic metrics, the journal exhibits translational relevance, evidenced by the citation of 561 papers in 1,776 patents and 204 papers in 196 policy documents from 20 countries. This highlights that JBCS is not only advancing scholarly knowledge but also contributing to technological innovation and informing public policy. Top patent citations relate to biodiesel, hybrid materials, and biotechnological applications, fields of high societal importance.

The decline in publication shares for older thematic clusters, such as dye removal and selenium detection, indicates a shift in thematic focus. In contrast, the growing interest in topics such as photocatalysis (TiO2), green chemistry, nanozymes, and electrochemical genome editing reflects the ability of the journal to adapt to the frontiers of scientific inquiry. The cluster on photocatalysis, in particular, showed a 119.6% growth in recent years, indicating a highly dynamic and promising field.

Despite a modest average FWCI of 0.45, 90.45% of the papers have been cited, indicating high baseline relevance. Co-citation analysis reveals that the intellectual base of the journal rests on robust methodological domains, including density functional theory (Becke),65 analytical validation (Ribani et al.),68 electrochemistry (Bard and Faulkner),69 and structural chemistry. These anchors reflect the dual emphasis of the journal on theoretical rigor and experimental applicability.

Author co-citation mapping reveals strong representation of Chinese researchers and dispersed Brazilian networks, indicating opportunities for tighter regional citation networks and international co-citation influence.

The portfolio of the journal shows substantial alignment with SDG 3 (Health), SDG 6 (Clean Water), and SDG 7 (Clean Energy), together accounting for 495 articles and over 5,000 citations. However, despite this thematic relevance, the average FWCI for SDG-related papers remains at 0.34, suggesting underexposure in global citation networks. Notably, no outputs were identified under SDG 1 (No Poverty), and only marginal contributions address SDGs 4 (Education) and 5 (Gender Equality). These gaps present an opportunity for editorial steering, through special calls, invited perspectives, or thematic collections, to attract contributions on the intersection of chemistry with equity, education, and inclusion.81

JBCS distinguishes itself by the extent of its translational reach. A notable 561 papers (9.2%) were cited in 1,776 patents across 18 offices, with industrial relevance concentrated in biodiesel production, nanomaterials, and hybrid organic-inorganic materials. Additionally, 204 articles were cited in 196 policy documents by bodies from 20 countries, demonstrating influence beyond academia in areas such as environmental monitoring and public health. The higher FWCI of these cited papers (0.58) compared to the journal average suggests that socially impactful work may also drive academic influence when strategically disseminated.

Top patent citations, such as the widely cited review by Schuchardt et al.16 on biodiesel, underscore the value of authoritative, synthetic contributions. This presents a strong argument for the journal to solicit more high-quality review articles in applied and industrially relevant areas.

Co-citation analysis reveals a solid intellectual foundation rooted in quantum chemistry (especially density functional theory), analytical validation, crystallography, and lipid chemistry. These domains, though diverse, are tied together by a strong methodological backbone, reflecting the emphasis of the journal on both rigor and application. This dual focus supports the identity of JBCS as a conduit for scientifically sound and practically relevant research.

Clusters such as biodiesel production, environmental pharmaceutical impacts, and nano-enabled sensors show strong prominence scores and social relevance, even if their FWCI is moderate. These areas present strategic opportunities for the journal to enhance its citation impact by increasing international dissemination, prioritizing review articles, and fostering collaborations with highly cited global researchers.82-84

Several significant trends have emerged from the recent performance and evolution of JBCS. International collaboration has become increasingly prominent, as tracked through SciVal data, revealing a growing diversification of co-authorships across different countries and regions. This expansion suggests broader global engagement and improved research networking, leading to a higher impact.85,86

The translational reach of the journal is also evident in the use of its publications in patents and policy documents, demonstrating impact that extends beyond academia into applied and regulatory domains. This highlights the practical relevance of the research, particularly in fields such as materials science, environmental chemistry, and analytical methods. Interestingly, patent citations did not significantly affect CNCI in the model, reinforcing the idea that academic and industrial impact, while complementary, operate through partially distinct pathways.

At the same time, there has been a decline in publication share for specific research clusters, such as those focused on dye removal and selenium detection. This may reflect shifting thematic priorities in the field, as interest moves toward newer topics with higher innovation potential, including nanomaterials, electrochemical sensors, and green chemistry approaches.

There are regional differences between the Brazilian states in terms of impact and collaboration. The cluster analysis of Brazilian states based on their contributions to the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society reveals three distinct profiles. Cluster “High” includes major scientific producers such as São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, characterized by high publication volume (an average of 673 documents), a strong citation rate (90.8% of documents cited), and moderate international impact (CNCI of 0.35 and relative world impact of 0.79), along with significant patent relevance. Cluster “Medium” represents a small group of low-output states (17 documents on average), such as Amapá and Tocantins, which stand out for their higher-than-average CNCI (0.85) and a top 10% citation rate (1.79%), despite having a lower overall impact and almost no citations from patents. Lastly, cluster “Low” comprises mid-range contributors (averaging 83 documents), which maintain consistent output and moderate citation metrics (CNCI 0.27), but show lower global impact (0.57) and visibility in high-impact publications, suggesting a profile of steady but less internationally competitive performance.

Path analysis reveals that increased publication volume correlates with both a higher share of cited documents and greater total citations. However, purely domestic collaborations tend to have a reduced citation impact. In contrast, international bilateral papers and articles published in the top 10% most-cited journals show a positive correlation with higher category normalized citation impact (CNCI). These findings suggest that promoting cross-border partnerships, publishing in highimpact thematic clusters, and fostering interdisciplinary integration are key levers for improving the global standing of JBCS.

Conclusions

Over the past 35 years, the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (JBCS) has evolved into a vital platform for disseminating chemical research from Brazil and Latin America. While its average citation metrics remain below global standards, the journal demonstrates significant scientific, societal, and translational value. Its extensive coverage of interdisciplinary themes, ranging from analytical chemistry and nanomaterials to sustainable technologies, illustrates a strong alignment with global scientific priorities and several Sustainable Development Goals. The increasing presence of international collaborations and citations in patents and policy documents underscores the growing relevance of the journal beyond academic circles.

Co-citation and thematic analyses reveal that JBCS draws on a robust intellectual foundation and is increasingly oriented toward applied and innovative domains. Regional disparities among Brazilian states in publication output and citation impact suggest both concentration and emerging excellence, with states like Bahia, Santa Catarina, and the Distrito Federal producing high-impact research despite smaller volumes. The openness, commitment to scientific quality, and strategic positioning within Latin American science of the JBCS make it uniquely placed to foster greater inclusion, visibility, and impact for researchers across the Global South.

Looking ahead, strengthening partnerships with highimpact collaborators, expanding thematic collections on underrepresented SDGs, and fostering more review articles on frontier topics may help JBCS further enhance its academic influence and societal reach. As global science becomes more interconnected, the journal has the opportunity to act not only as a mirror of Brazilian chemistry, but as a bridge between local innovation and global knowledge networks.

Final Remarks

The observed trends support a few strategic priorities: (i) fostering thematic collections focused on fast-evolving topics or underserved SDGs; (ii) strengthening editorial outreach to underrepresented yet impactful regions (e.g., Africa, Southeast Asia); (iii) promoting visibility of highquality articles through international indexing, social media engagement, and targeted dissemination to policymakers or patent- intensive industries; (iv) supporting authors from the Global South through editorial mentoring and training in high-impact scientific writing.

Acknowledgments

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Finance Code 0001.

Author Contributions

All authors have accepted responsibility for the content of this manuscript and consented to its submission to the journal, reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript. C. M. M. designed the study, wrote the first draft. D. P. and F. P. carried out the analyses and captured the images.

Concepta McManus

Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900 Brasília-DF, Brazil

Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, 13400-970 Piracicaba-SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1106-8962

Felipe Pimentel

Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, 01310-200 São Paulo-SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7016-5255

Daniel Pimentel

Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, 70910-900 Brasília-DF, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-4720

References
  1. Machado, G.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2025, 36, e-20250039. [Crossref]
  2. Neto, B. A. D.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2025, 36, e-20240217. [Crossref]
  3. da Frota, L. C.; de Castro, P. P.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2025, 36, e-20250060. [Crossref]
  4. McManus, C.; Neves, A. A. B.; Pimentel, F.; Pimentel, D.; Finan, T.; Revista Tempo do Mundo 2023, 173. [Crossref]
  5. Elsevier; Research Metrics Guidebook, 2024. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  6. Verluise, C.; Cristelli, G.; Higham, K.; de Rassenfosse, G.; Strat. Manage. J. 2025, 1. [Crossref]
  7. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Measuring Science, Technology and Innovation; OECD Publishing, 2025. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  8. McManus, C.; Neves, A. A. B.; Câmara, N. O. S.; An. Acad. Bras. Cienc. 2025, 97, e20240974. [Crossref]
  9. UNESCO, General Guidelines for the Implementation of Sustainability in Higher Education Institutions 2023. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  10. Elsevier; Report: Mapping research to advance the SDGs, 2020. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  11. Bornmann, L.; Leydesdorff, L.; EMBO Rep. 2014, 15, 1228. [Crossref]
  12. van Eck, N. J.; Waltman, L.; Scientometrics 2010, 84, 523. [Crossref]
  13. Aria, M.; Cuccurullo, C.; J. Informetrics 2017, 11, 959. [Crossref]
  14. OpenRefine. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  15. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO); PATENTSCOPE Simple Search. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  16. Schuchardt, U.; Sercheli, R.; Vargas, R. M.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 1998, 9, 199. [Crossref]
  17. da Silva, J. F. M.; Garden, S. J.; Pinto, A. C.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2001, 12, 273. [Crossref]
  18. Dupont, J.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2004, 15, 341. [Crossref]
  19. Pasquini, C.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2003, 14, 198. [Crossref]
  20. Pinto, A. C.; Guarieiro, L. L. N.; Rezende, M. J. C.; Ribeiro, N. M.; Torres, E. A.; Lopes, W. A.; Pereira, P. A. D.; de Andrade, J. B.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2005, 16, 1313. [Crossref]
  21. Duran, N.; Marcato, P. D.; De Conti, R.; Alves, O. L.; Costa, F. T. M.; Brocchi, M.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2010, 21, 949. [Crossref]
  22. Salatino, A.; Salatino, M. L. F.; Negri, G.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2007, 18, 11. [Crossref]
  23. Pasquini, C.; Cortez, J.; Silva, L. M. C.; Gonzaga, F. B.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2007, 18, 463. [Crossref]
  24. Kiralj, R.; Ferreira, M. M. C.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2009, 20, 770. [Crossref]
  25. Stradiotto, N. R.; Yamanaka, H.; Zanoni, M. V. B.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2003, 14, 159. [Crossref]
  26. Nunes, C. A.; Freitas, M. P.; Pinheiro, A. C. M.; Bastos, S. C.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2012, 23, 2003. [Crossref]
  27. Delfino, R. T.; Ribeiro, T. S.; Figueroa-Villar, J. D.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2009, 20, 407. [Crossref]
  28. Dupont, J.; Consorti, C. S.; Spencer, J.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2000, 11, 337. [Crossref]
  29. Nogueira, C. W.; Rocha, J. B. T.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2010, 21, 2055. [Crossref]
  30. Longo, C.; De Paoli, M. A.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2003, 14, 898. [Crossref]
  31. Freire, R. S.; Pessoa, C. A.; Mello, L. D.; Kubota, L. T.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2003, 14, 230. [Crossref]
  32. Abram, U.; Alberto, R.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2006, 17, 1486. [Crossref]
  33. Dias, L. C.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 1997, 8, 289. [Crossref]
  34. Oliveira, A. F.; Seifert, G.; Heine, T.; Duarte, H. A.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2009, 20, 1193. [Crossref]
  35. Morais, D. R.; Rotta, E. M.; Sargi, S. C.; Bonafe, E. G.; Suzuki, R. M.; Souza, N. E.; Matsushita, M.; Visentainer, J. V.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2017, 28, 308. [Crossref]
  36. Cunha, I. B. S.; Sawaya, A. C. H. F.; Caetano, F. M.; Shimizu, M. T.; Marcucci, M. C.; Drezza, F. T.; Povia, G. S.; Carvalho, P. O.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2004, 15, 964. [Crossref]
  37. de Oliveira, E.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2003, 14, 174. [Crossref]
  38. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO); A61K: Preparations for Medical, Dental, or Toilet Purposes. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  39. United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO); CPC Definition - Subclass C07D. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  40. United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO); CPC Definition - Subclass A61P. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  41. United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO); CPC Definition - Subclass C07C. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  42. United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO); CPC Definition - Subclass A01N. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  43. United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO); CPC Subclass G01N. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  44. United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO); CPC Definition - Subclass A61Q. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  45. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO); B01D: Separation. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  46. United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO); CPC Subclass B01J. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  47. United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO); CPC Subclass C12Q. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  48. de Medeiros, L. S.; Sampaio, O. M.; da Silva, M. F. G. F.; Rodrigues Filho, E.; Veiga, T. A. M.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2012, 23, 1551. [Crossref]
  49. Gao, W.; Zhang, C.; Li, Y.; J. Bras. Chem. Soc. 2010, 21, 806. [Crossref]
  50. Mol, J. C.; Buffon, R.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 1998, 9, 1. [Crossref]
  51. Schnitzler, D. C.; Zarbin, A. J. G.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2004, 15, 378. [Crossref]
  52. Liu, A. S.; Oliveira, M. A. S.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2007, 18, 143. [Crossref]
  53. Kim, K.; Volkman, S. K.; Ellman, J. A.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 1998, 9, 375. [Crossref]
  54. Brandão, R. F.; Quirino, R. L.; Mello, V. M.; Tavares, A. P.; Peres, A. C.; Guinhos, F.; Rubim, J. C.; Suarez, P. A. Z.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2009, 20, 954. [Crossref]
  55. Yang, W.; Hu, Q.; Ma, J.; Wang, L.; Yang, G.; Xie, G.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2006, 17, 1039. [Crossref]
  56. Delfino, R. T.; Santos-Filho, O. A.; Figueroa-Villar, J. D.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2002, 13, 727. [Crossref]
  57. Ramminger, C.; Zim, D.; Lando, V. R.; Fassina, V.; Monteiro, A. L.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2000, 11, 105. [Crossref]
  58. Rosseto, R.; dos Santos, A. C. M. A.; Galembeck, F.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2006, 17, 1465. [Crossref]
  59. Abdallah, D. J.; Weiss, R. G.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2000, 11, 209. [Crossref]
  60. Macedo, A.; Wendler, E. P.; Dos Santos, A. A.; Zukerman-Schpector, J.; Tiekink, E. R. T.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2010, 21, 1563. [Crossref]
  61. Díaz, M. F.; Hernández, R.; Martínez, G.; Vidal, G.; Gómez, M.; Fernández, H.; Garcés, R.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2006, 17, 403. [Crossref]
  62. Lima, E. C. O.; Beppu, M. M.; Galembeck, F.; Valente Filho, J. F.; Soares, D. M.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 1996, 7, 209. [Crossref]
  63. Tonholo, J.; Freitas, L. R.; de Abreu, F. C.; Azevedo, D. C.; Zani, C. L.; de Oliveira, A. B.; Goulart, M. O. F.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 1998, 9, 163. [Crossref]
  64. Schaffazick, S. R.; Pohlmann, A. R.; Mezzalira, G.; Guterres, S. S.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2006, 17, 562. [Crossref]
  65. Becke, A. D.; J. Chem. Phys. 1993, 98, 5648. [Crossref]
  66. Lee, C.; Yang, W.; Parr, R. G.; Phys. Rev. B 1988, 37, 785. [Crossref]
  67. Hay, P. J.; Wadt, W. R.; J. Chem. Phys. 1985, 82, 299. [Crossref]
  68. Ribani, M.; Bottoli, C. B. G.; Collins, C. H.; Jardim, I. C. S. F.; Melo, L. F. C.; Quim. Nova 2004, 27, 771. [Crossref]
  69. Bard, A. J.; Faulkner, L. R.; Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001.
  70. Welz, B.; Sperling, M.; Atomic Absorption Spectrometry; John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
  71. Farrugia, L. J.; J. Appl. Crystallogr. 1997, 30, 565. [Crossref]
  72. Mosmann, T.; J. Immunol. Methods 1983, 65, 55. [Crossref]
  73. Laviron, E.; J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1979, 101, 19. [Crossref]
  74. Ward Jr., J. H.; J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 1963, 58, 236. [Crossref]
  75. Adams, R. P.; Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 4th ed.; Allured Publishing Corporation: Carol Stream, USA, 2007.
  76. Currie, L. A.; Anal. Chim. Acta 1999, 391, 127. [Crossref]
  77. Hartman, L.; Lago, R. C.; Lab. Pract. 1973, 22, 475. [Link] accessed in October 2025
  78. Visentainer, J. V.; Quim. Nova 2012, 35, 274. [Crossref]
  79. Bataglion, G. A.; Koolen, H. H.; J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2025, 36, e-20250030. [Crossref]
  80. McManus, C.; Neves, A. A. B.; Finan, T. J.; Pimentel, F.; Pimentel, D.; Schleicher, R. T.; An. Acad. Bras. Cienc. 2024, 96, e20230942. [Crossref]
  81. McManus, C.; Pimentel, F.; de Almeida, A. M.; Pimentel, D.; Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 2023, 55, 160. [Crossref]
  82. Qarachal, J. F.; Alizadeh, M.; Nanotechnol. Environ. Eng. 2025, 10, 37. [Crossref]
  83. Prasad, R. D.; Prasad, N. R.; Prasad, N.; Prasad, R. S.; Prasad, S. R.; Shrivastav, O. P.; Prasad, R. B.; Prasad, R. A.; Prasad, R. G.; Saxena, P.; Prasad, R. R.; Saxena, U. R.; Gour, M.; Shaikh, Y. I.; Algadi, H.; Guo, X.; ES Gen. 2025, 7, 1397. [Crossref]
  84. Hemalatha, P. K.; Kanagaraj, K.; Raman, K.; Nangan, S.; MD, R.; Aggarwal, S.; Kumar, R.; ES3 Web Conf. 2024, 588, 01018. [Crossref]
  85. McManus, C.; Neves, A. A. B.; Maranhão, A. Q.; Souza Filho, A. G.; Santana, J.  M.; Scientometrics 2020, 125, 2745. [Crossref]
  86. McManus, C.; Neves, A. A. B.; Schleicher, R. T.; Castro, H. C. O. D.; Pimentel, F.; Pimentel, D.; Finan, T. J.; An. Acad. Bras. Cienc. 2023, 95, e20230492. [Crossref]

Link - Licença CC-BY

    A PubliSBQ é um órgão destinado a atividades de difusão científica, técnica, de interesse didático e de divulgação de notícias. Sua principal missão é a produção de publicações de interesse da comunidade química nacional: profissionais de química da universidade e da indústria, estudantes de química do ensino médio, universitário e de pós-graduação, reunindo, também, mecanismos de difusão da química para o público leigo e infanto-juvenil.

    Mais informações sobre nós

    Notícias Recentes

    © 2025 PubliSBQ. Todos os direitos reservados.