It is not our aim, in this editorial, to offer a final definition of research ethics or ethics in scientific publishing, especially at a time when we are increasingly connected and are still learning to deal with the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI). It would be unreasonable to assume that readers are unfamiliar with the stages of research or with the ethical principles that should guide scientific work. Researchers can usually explain what they study, which methods they use, and how their collaborations are organized. They also know, at least in general terms, which rules must be followed. Yet knowing these elements does not remove the questions that arise during research or, by itself, ensure that every decision will be right.

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